After the initial days where websites were static pages, the internet quickly moved to rendering dynamic data based on the user requests. This led to the rise of various languages and serverside components. FPM i.e. FastCGI Process Manager is a serverside component that allows the web server to render dynamic webpage in a fast and scalable way with quite a few advanced techniques.
Virtual DOM
Document Object Model a.k.a. DOM is a cross-platform and language-independent programming interface. It treats various types of documents such as HTML, XML as tree structures consisting nodes as objects. These objects can be manipulated using DOM API. Virtual DOM is an in-memory replica of the DOM which is used by certain Javascript libraries to achieve certain performance goals.
SPA (Single Page Application)
At first, I was baffled when I heard about SPA i.e. Single Page Application. I was like – huh – who builds a one-page website these days. But after reading up further, I realized SPA is a very sophisticated way to build web applications that are fast and consume lower bandwidth.